Chapter 17:The external work

JC9C:External telecommunication chamber
IWK manhole:sewerage manhole
Anoter IWK manhole
Sewerage system
Carpark,landscape on the right,refuse chamber and hydrant
Fencing wall
Signboard,maingate and guard house
Motor cycle park and bituminous road
Hydrant and hose-reel beside the refuse chamber
The external works comprises of:
1. perimeter road
2.fencing and gate
3.guardhouse
4.refuse chamber
5.external coldwater supply
6.sewerage system
7.Electricity and telephone supply
8.car and motorcycle parks
9.landscape and etc.

Next:The internal works

Posted by:
Ir. C. M.Chong
Perunding Asatec
(Civil and Structural Engineering Consultant)
Dataran Prima, Petaling Jaya
Email:EgrChong@gmail.com

Chapter 16: The Steel Structure

The photograph above shows the completion of the pilecap,stump,groundbeam and the hold-down bolts.The site is ready for erection of steel structure.

Purlins
Columns and eave-structure
Erection of steel rafters trusses
Erection of purlins
The steel structure of factories and warehouses comprises the following:
1.hold-down bolts;
2.columns
3.Rafters trusses(beams)
4.tie-trusses(beams)
5.wind-bracing
6.claddings
7.tie-rods
8.sisalations
9.roofing sheets
10.cladding sheets
11.doors and windows
12. transparent (0paque) acrylic sheets
13.Ventilation system(mechanical or wind)
14.canopies and etc.

Next:The external works

Posted by:
Ir. C. M.Chong
Perunding Asatec
(Civil and Structural Engineering Consultant)
Dataran Prima, Petaling Jaya
Email:EgrChong@gmail.com

Chapter 15:The Structure

There are two types so structures use for construction of factories and warehouses.

The above photos showed the reinforced concrete structure of a factory at

Kundang,Selangor.

Next:The steel structure

Posted by:
Ir. C. M.Chong
Perunding Asatec
(Civil and Structural Engineering Consultant)
Dataran Prima, Petaling Jaya
Email:EgrChong@gmail.com

Chapter 14:Earthwork and Piling

Factories and warehouses: Chapter 14

Prior to the piling work, the ground was leveled to the designed platform level decided by the engineer.The piles must be driven to set.In this case, the setting is designed to 10 blows/25mm.
The guardhouse structures are designed to use footings instead of piles.The guardhouse is a single storey structure and therefore it could be supported by footings,as shown in the picutre.
Pile-heads are stripped to the designed level.The soil must be properly compacted before the
cement screed work.Steel bars of the piles must be preserved for pilecaps.
These are the piles of the 4 piles group.
Even though the piles are priced in length of supply, the labour for driving are paid according to
the penetration into the ground. The piles will be cut only after the engineer has taken measurement of the protruding portion of the piles.
The cut and fill of the earthwork must be carefully designed so as to avoid discard of the excess
earth.In Selangor, the contractor charges for the transportation of the earth and also the fees for dump-site.

During these stage of the work, the engineer will submit a Form 'B' to the Local Authorities.
The site must also be fumigate once a forth-night for prevention of mosquitoes.

Next..The RC Structure work

Posted by:
Ir. C. M.Chong
Perunding Asatec
(Civil and Structural Engineering Consultant)
Dataran Prima, Petaling Jaya
Email:EgrChong@gmail.com

Chapter 13:Mobilization works

Factories and warehouses: Chapter 13

Once the contract is awarded to the contractor,the contractor would be given 2 weeks
to mobilize their works.

During these period,the following work must be done prior to the commencement of work
on site:

1.setting out and level control point survey;
2.purchase of Contractor All Risk(CAR) including workmen compensation and public liability insurance;
3.application to the authorities for temporary 'kongsi'and store;
4.Construction of hoarding;
5.construction of silt trap;
6.temporary electricity and water supply;
7.pay the CIDB fees;
8.Submission of Form 'B'to the Local Authorities by Engineer.

Next..The earth work

Posted by:
Ir. C. M.Chong
Perunding Asatec
(Civil and Structural Engineering Consultant)
Dataran Prima, Petaling Jaya
Email:EgrChong@gmail.com

Chapter 12: Selection of contractor

Factories and warehouses: Chapter 12

It is not an easy task to select a right contractor to construct your factory and
warehouse.The right contractor you select will be able to complete and handover the
project to you within the stipulated timeframe as well as your pre-determined budget.

It is common in this country that some of the projects abandoned by contractors because of their weaknesses in handling the project.


To ensure the success of the constrution of your project,i.e.the project must be completed within the stipulated timeframe and budget.The contractor you will select must have adequate experience in the construction field,skilled manpower,reliable material suppliers,strong management team.

Before awarding a contract to the successful tenderer,the owner or the consultant,instead of going through the company profile as well as information
obtained in the tender interview,may also carryout further check on the credibility of the tenderer.

The following are my suggestions.You may add if you have some other means of checking the credibility of the contractor:

1.Company search on the form 9,24,49 etc.

2.CTOS and CCRIS search for both the company and its directors,if possible

3.Materials suppliers' comments on the credit limits of the contractor

4.Sub-Contractors'comments on payments to them by the contractor

5.Clients of past projects on the performance, workmanships,managements and etc,if possible

This exercise may deemed trivial by some people.But,it is very important process
if you want to complete your project with the stipulated time and budget.



Posted by:
Ir. C. M.Chong
Perunding Asatec
(Civil and Structural Engineering Consultant)
Dataran Prima, Petaling Jaya
Email:EgrChong@gmail.com

Chapter 11: Tenders and fees payable by tenderers

Factories and warehouses: Chapter 11

Usually,tenders are prepared and issued to tenderers by Quantity Surveyor (QS).

Based on all the technical plans/drawings prepared and completed by the team of consultants, the QS works out the actual quantity of the project and compile "Bills of Quantity" (BQ).

Two types of the payments have to be paid by tenderers.i.e. Non-refundable tender document fee (NRDF) and Refundable tender deposit(RTD).The NRDF is for the purpose
defraying printing cost,whereas,the RTD is for the purpose of ensuring the tenderers
to submit a bona fide tender.RTD will be refuded to all the Non-successful tenderers upon award of tender to a successful tenderer.The RTD paid by the successful tenderer
will be kept by the QS for defraying the cost of Contract Documents.

Besides the NRDF and RTD, tenderers must also submit'Ernest Money' in the form of a Cashier's Order payable to the landowner.The purpose of the'Ernest Money'is to ensure
that the successful tenderer to commence work on the project.Once the project is started, the landowner will return the'Ernest Money'to the contractor.


Posted by:
Ir. C. M.Chong
Perunding Asatec
(Civil and Structural Engineering Consultant)
Dataran Prima, Petaling Jaya
Email:EgrChong@gmail.com

Chapter 10: Search for Tenderers

Factories and warehouses: Chapter 10

Now you have obtained the building plans approval and you want to start the construction works on your land.

You may now look for your potential tenderers by advertising on News papers, asking consultants or friends to recommend or even looking around at the project sites near your land.

Many land owners do not take this stage of the project development seriously and leave it to their consultants to select the tenderers.In-order to avoid
complication on the contract implemention,land owners must actively involve in the
selection of tenderers.

Make sure that the tenderers you have selected are not the Rm 2 Sdn. Bhd.;contractors
with bad debts; Ali Baba contractors or inexperience contractors.

If possible,visit their sites (completed or in progress), talk to their clients, talk to their staff/sub-contractors and visit their offices.Make sure that the tenderers you have selected have enough financial ability to start and complete the project.

Ideally,you may choose 6 to 8 tenderers to tender your project.Insist that all the tenderers to visit the site as well as attend briefing sessions by consultants.

Depending on the size of the project,tender period could be 2 weeks to 1 month.


Posted by:
Ir. C. M.Chong
Perunding Asatec
(Civil and Structural Engineering Consultant)
Dataran Prima, Petaling Jaya
Email:EgrChong@gmail.com

Chapter 9: Submission to the OSC

Factories and warehouses: Chapter 9

Different local authorities in Selangor have different procedure for the plan submission to the One Stop Center or OSC.

I was told by my friend who works in one of the local authorities in Selangor, the OSC staff are the staff of the Ministry of Housing and Local Government, whereas, all the staff of the various technical departments are employees of the state.

Submission of development, building or renovation plans to the OSC is very much different from before (i.e. before the implementation of the OSC).

Here are the few points which I wish to share with you so that you could avoid delay in the submission of your plans:

1. Forms: In those days, very few forms needed to be filled but now there are at least 20 to 50 forms.Make sure all your forms are properly filled before you are heading to the OSC.Your submission might be rejected just for the reason of mistakes in your forms;

2. Land titles: Some authorities requested photocopies of land-titles to be certified by land office and some requested photocopies of land titles to be endorsed by Commission of Oaths .If the land were charged to the bank,make sure that you request the client to have the original title to be retrieved from the bank for the endorsement by a Commission of Oaths;

3.All the technical plans namely: Planning,Building, structural, electrical,bomba,sewerage,water reticulation, landscape and survey plans must be ready before the submission.The client must appoint all the consultants at the planning stage so as to avoid delay in the submission.

4.After the successful submission, the plans will be sent to the various departments for checking and comment.At this stage, what we could do is to wait until all the departments have given their comments to the OSC.The comments of the various department will be sent to the consultants for their compliant.

5. In-addition to the above, Some OSC also request the Company profiles or Curriculum vitae from the consultants as well as the landowners.

6.The latest Quit-rent, assessment of the land as well as the receipts of all the consultant's payment to their respective Governing Boards,(e.g.PAM, BEM, IWK,BOMBA and SPAN )must be ready prior to the submission of plans to the OSC.

7.The photocopy of the I/Cs of the landowner as well as the surveyor is also needed
for the submission

8.The MASMA report prepared by the civil engineer must be submitted together with
the Town Planner's plan


Posted by:
Ir. C. M.Chong
Perunding Asatec
(Civil and Structural Engineering Consultant)
Petaling Jaya
Email:asatecsb@gmail.com

Chapter 8: The Team of Consultants

Factories and warehouses: Chapter 8
As mentioned in the earlier chapters, you may appoint and mobilized the land surveyor and soil investigator as soon as you have signed the Sales and Purchase Agreement and have obtained the consent from the vendor.

This suggestion is for those clients who need to have the factory and warehouse urgently due to various reasons, such as 1. machineries are arriving soon; 2. New orders have been confirmed;3.running out of space in the existing factory and warehouse and etc.etc. Otherwise, the tasks of appointing the land surveyor and the soil investigator could be passed on the the civil and structural engineer.

Below is a list of various professionals and their scope of works for the development of a factory and warehouse project:

1. Civil and Structural Engineer

a. To appoint and lead all professionals involve in the factory and warehouse project ;
b. To liaise and obtain all the necessary requirements and forms from the local authorities,
Government Regulatory bodies, and Utilities Suppliers, such as:
i. City or Town Council ( Planning Department,Architectrual Department,Engineering
Department, Landscape Department and Health Department)
ii. Indah Water Konsortium (IWK);
iii. Syabas;
iv. Department Of Environment;
v. Machinery Department;
vi. Department of Civil Aviation;
vii. Department and Land and Mine;
viii. Tenaga Nasional Bhd;and
ix. Telekom;
c. To design conceptual plans for the owner's approval;
d. To design and draw architectural plans;
e. To design and draw structural plans;
f. To design and draw Road and drainage plans;
g. To design and draw External water recticulation plans;and
h. To design and draw sewerage system plans;

2. Land Surveyor

a. To purchase the CP from the Government Survey Department;
b. To carryout the demarcation survey;
c. To carryout the spot level survey;
d. To pick up, from the site and its vicinity, the informtion such as locations of the various
utilities such as water pipes, bomba pillars, TNB substation IWK manholes, and Telekom
poles;
e. To pick up,from the vicinity of the site the adjacent roads and their Reduce Level(RL), drains
and their Invert Level (IL), factories or housesf;and
f. To draw and submit the demarcation and spot level survey plan to the civil and structural
structural engineer.

3. The soil investigator

a. To conduct borehole test up to 45 metre depth from the ground and collect soil
samples for lab test;
b. To observed and record the colour, texture, and visual classifecation of the soil samples;
c. To gauge and record the groung water level;
d. to conduct mackintosh probe test;and
e. to compile and submit a soil investigation report to the civil and structural engineer.

4. Town Planner

a. To liaise with the town planning department for the information on the zoning, density, type
of land usage and etc. etc;
b. To take photographs on the site and its vicinity such as neighbouring factories, access roads ,
carparks and etc.etc;
c .To use the demarcation and spotlevel survey plan to prepare the LCP (Lapuran Cadangan
Pembangunan) and planning layout plan;
d. To submit the LCP and the planning layout plan to the civil and structural
engineer for the joined submission to the OSC.

5. Landscape architect

a. To liaise with the local authorities on the information regarding the pattern and
the type of plant;
b. To design and submit the landscape plan to the civil and structural engineer for the joined
submission to the OSC.

6. M&E Engineer

a. to liaise with the TNB on the information such as the availability of the power, load and
nearest tapping point;
b. to liaise with the Telekom on the information such as the availability of the telephone lines,
and the nearest tapping point;
c. to liaise with the Syabas on the information such as the type of the material to be used for the
internal hot and cold water plumbing.
d. to liaise with the Bomba on the infromation such as the requirement of the firefighting
equipment needed ;
e. to design the following plans;and

i. Electrical layout and sigle line drawing;
ii. Air conditional plan;
iii. Bomba equipment, control panel and layout plan;
iv. Internal hot and cold plumbing plan;and
v. Telekom layout and line drawing.

f. to submit all the above plans to the civil and structural engineer for the joined submission to
the OSC.

Next....Submission to the OSC

Posted by:
Ir. C. M.Chong
Perunding Asatec
(Civil and Structural Engineering Consultant)
Petaling Jaya
Email:asatecsb@gmail.com

Chapter 7: M&E Engineering Consultant

Factories and warehouses:Chapter 7
The works of the M&E (Mechanical and Electrical Engineering ) Consultant in a factory and warehouse project are to design and submit the firefighting,electrical, telephone,internal water plumbing and air-conditional plans to the relevant authorities for their approvals.

The government departments involved are:

1. Bomba;
2. TNB;
3.Telekom;and
4. Syabas.

All the M&E plans must be completed and submit to the OSC together with other relavent building plans prepared by the civil and structural engineering consultant and other professionals.

There are not many M&E engineering consultants in Selangor and you may obtain a list from the Yellow Pages , Super Pages or ACEM website.

The landowner can either appoint the M&E consultant directly or let the civil and structural engineering consultant to undertake the appointment .

In the previous chapters, I have introduced all the professionals involved in a factory and warehouse project and I will list down the professionals and various works to be undertaken by each and everyone in the next chapter.

Next...The consultant team and their works

Posted by:
Ir. C.M.Chong
Perunding Asatec
(Civil and Structural Engineering Consultant)
Petaling Jaya
Email: asatecsb@gmail.com

Chapter 6:Landscape Architect

Factories and warehouses:Chapter 6
In Selangor, the civil and structural consulting engineer must submit the landscape architectural plans, together with other plans to the OSC.Otherwise, the submission will be rejected by the counter clerk of the OSC.

The duty of the land scape arcitect is to design and submit the soft and hard scape for the factory and warehouse.

Different local authorities in Selangor have their own choice of plants to be planted in their area of juridiction. Moreover, the plants to be specified also differ in different locations of a local authorities.

Therefore, in choosing the landscape architect for the job, the civil and structural engineer, usually choose the landscape architect, familiar with the work of the particular local authorities.

There are not many landscape architects around in Selangor, I usually obtain the list of the landscape architects from the Landscape department of the particular local authorities.

If you cannot get a list of the landscape architects from the local authorities, you may find them in the Yellow Pages or the ILAM(Institute of Landscape Architects Malaysia).

Next....Mechnical and Electrical Engineering Consulting Engineer

Posted by:
Ir. C.M.Chong
Perunding Asatec
(Civil and Structural Consulting Engineer)
Petaling Jaya
Email:asatecsb@gmail.com

Chapter 5: Town Planner

Factories and warehouses:Chapter 5
Town Planner or Urban Planner is a professional who works in the field of urban planning for the purpose of maximizing the effectiveness of a community's land use and infrastructure.

The scope of work of the Town planner in the factory and warehouse project are as follows:

- Site inspection and viewing adjacent development/ land usage.

- Site evaluation and data collection.

- Comparative assessment of the site with emphasis of the physical and
environmental issues unique to the site.

- Identification of the preferred option that allows the land use concept
to be firmed up.

- To liaise with the architect, engineers and other consultants on the sitting
and arrangement of land uses.

- To incorporate consultants inputs and requirements into draft for
development order

- To prepare LCP to accompany the layout plan for submission

- To submit final layout plan, LCP and other documents to Lical Authorities

- In conjunction with the client, to monitor processing of the plan

- To amend the plan to incorporate authority changes to the plan (if any)
To attend meetings as required in the course or preparing in the layout plan



With the conceptual plans, designed by the civil and structural engineer , The Town Planner will submit the LCP to the local authorities for their approval.

Normally, the Town planner requres one to two months to obtain the necessary Development order or "Kebenaran Merancang".

There are not many Town Planners around and one has to either check the Yellow Pages , Super Pages'>
Super Pages or the Malaysian Instituteof Planners.

Since the introduction of the OSC, it is not necessary for the landowners to look for the Town Planner.

It is the responsibility of the civil and structural consulting engineer to obtain the service of the Town Planner and submit the LCP together with other plans to the OSC.

Next.....The Landscape Architect

Posted by:
Ir. C.M.Chong
Perunding Asatec
(Civil and Structural Engineering Consultant)
Petaling Jaya
Email: asatecsb@gmail .com

Chapter 4:Civil and Structural Engineer

Factories and warehouses:Chapter 4
There are many civil and structural engineeing consultants in your neighbourhood.Just walk around the shops or offices near your house or your office,you may find them.

You may also find them from the Yellow Pages , the Super Pages or the Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia (ACEM).



Call a few consultants and get them to quote their fees. You may also get some tips on the charges from the Board of Engineers website.

Having selected the civil and structural engineering consultant, you are now ready to put your plan on the factory and warehouse on paper.

Provide the civil and structural engineering consultant the requirements and specifications of your factory and warehouse and he will soon working on the conceptual design.

The following lists are the requirements and specifications I usually obtained from my clients:

1.Factory area needed (Production area, Machineries area,row material storage,finish goods storage,pakaging area,QAQC area,Production Manager office,loading and unloading bays, TNB substation,toilets,surau and ablution,canteen and etc)

2.Warehouse area needed(Storage space for raw materials and finished goods, loading and unloading bays, store manager and purchasing manager offices, toilets, surau and ablution, canteen and etc.)

3.Office areas needed( Reception, customer discussion area, sales and marketing office, account office, managers office, board meeting room, secretary office and managing director room ,etc.)

4.Office ,factory and warehouse facade design.

5.External works(Guardhouses,visitors toilets,refuse bin chamber,landscape,fencing, entrance gate, signboard, hydrant pillars, hosereel boxes, drains, perimeter water pipes, roads and etc.)

The civil and structural engineer usually take about 2 weeks to 1 month to complete his conceptual design. Some will bring along few perspective drawings for discussion.

After a few rounds of discussions and amendments to the conceptual designs, the civil and structural engineer is ready for the preparation of the drawings for submission.

Few years ago, all the local authorities in Selangor have set up their ONE STOP CENTRE (OSC)to check, accept and process the building plans.

So, after the conceptual design stage of the work, the civil and structural engineer will obtain the services of other professionals such as ; Town planner, mechanical and electrical enginnering consultant, landscape architect and /or interior designer to prepare a complete set of building plans for submission to the OSC.

The approval of the building plans depends on the workload of the individual local authorities. From my experience, it range from 2 to 6 months.

While waiting for the approval, the civil and structural engineer will prepare tenders for the tenderers to quote the prices of the construction.

I will elaborate more on the types of submission plans and tendering process in the subsequent chapters, after all the chapters concerning the introduction of professionals like town planner,M&E consulting engineer,landscape architect and interior designer.

Next......Town Planner
Posted by:
Ir. C.M.Chong
Perunding Asatec
(Civil and structural engineerign consultant)
Petaling Jaya
Email: asatecsb@gmail.com

Chapter 3: Soil Investigator

Factories and warehouses:Chapter 3
Soil investigation or geotechnical investigation commonly referred to by the technical community, is for the purpose of determining the type of foundation to be used in thefactory and warehouse project.

Unlike the land surveyors, there are not many soil investigators around. To look for the quotations, you may check the Yellow Pages or the Super Pages.

You may also look up the website of the Malaysia Site Investigator Association (MSIA) for the soil investigators.

There are many variety of works in Geotechnical investigation. A combination of Mckintosh Probe tests and borehole sampling are recommended here.

For a piece of land with area of half to three acres , I will choose to have 2 boreholes and 30 to 100 numbers of mackintosh probe tests.

Preferably, the boreholes are done at the centre grid of the land, one infront and one at the rear of the lot. The borehole termination depth should be 45 metre from the ground level.

Mackintosh tests will be conducted, covering the whole lot. The probe points will be at 30 feet apart.

Now you have completed your work on the survey and soil investigation.

your loan has approved and you will soon take possession of the land and ready for the conceptual design of the factory and warehouse.

In Selangor, a consulting civil and structural engineer is allowed to design and submit the building plans for approval.

However, the Majlis Bandaran Petaling Jaya, Majlis Perbandaran Subang Jaya, Majlis Bandaran Shah Alam, Majlis Bandaran Klang, Majlis Perbandaran Ulu Langat and others, require Town Planners to prepare the layout plans for the application of the Development Order (DO) or Kebenaran Merancang (KM).

Next... civil and structural engineering consultant
Posted by:
Ir. C.m.Chong 03-78039903
Perunding Asatec
(Civil and Structural Engineeriing Consultant
Petaling Jaya
Email:asatecsb@gmail.com

Chapter 2: Surveyor

Factory and warehouse: Chapter 2
you have signed your sales and purchase agreement and paid the deposit for the purchase.

you have applied for a loan to finance your land and also the building.

while waiting for the loan and the final possession of the land, you may ask the vendor for the permission to enter the land for the purpose of survey. Most vendors will oblige and you can start looking for a land surveyor in you vicinity.

You may look around the vicinity of your office for the signboards of the land surveyors in your area or the yellow pages for their contacts.

You may also contact the Institution of Surveyors Malaysia situated in Petaling Jaya for the names and contacts of the land surveyors practicing around your area.

When you have obtained the names and the contacts of the surveyors around your area, you may request them to quote the fees for their work.

There are many aspects of land surveying, therefore,you must specify the scope of work you need before they can give you the quotation for the purpose.

For construction of a factory and warehouse, what you need from a land surveyor is as follows:

1. Boundary and demarcation
2. Spot level at 10 feet interval for undulating land and at 30 feet interval for flat land. The
spot level survey should extend to 100 feet beyond all four sides of your land
3. Public services such as the locations of the main water pipe , sewerage manhole, TNB
substation, telephone pole,bomba pillar, road and road side drain should be indicated in the
survey plan
4. Beside the above, information of buildings at your neighbouring lot is also needed to be
indicated in the survey plan

You may tell the surveyor that the purpose of the survey is for construction of a factory and warehouse and he will advise you on what he need to add for their work.

You have now appointed a surveyor and ready to do the next step.

Next...... The Soil Investigator
Posted by:
Ir. C.M.Chong 03-78039903
Perunding Asatec
(Civil and Structural Engineering Consultant)
Petaling Jaya
email:asatecsb@gmail.com

Chapter 1:Introduction

Factorys and warehouses: Chapter 1

You have acquired a piece of land, say in the Selangor Shah Alam Gleamarie area.

You have intention to develope the land and build a factory cum warehouse.

You are unable to proceed because you do not know any archictect, engineer and other professional such as town planner, landscape architect, surveyor , quantity surveyor and etc.etc.

This blog is intended to explain to you the procedure involved in the developement of factory and warehouse.

Factories owners,senior managers of factories,young engineers who has intention to set up their engineering consultancy business, contractors will find this blog useful to them.

This blog consist of 17 chapters, each chapter covers specific topic.

You do not need to read all the chapters. What you need to do is to click the relevant chapter of interest and copy the necessary information you require.

You may also interact with the blog writer by posting comment of this blog. The writer will try to respond to your comment as soon as possible.

Posted by:

Ir. C.M. Chong 03-78039903

Perunding Asatec

(Civil and Structural Engineering Consultant)

Petaling Jaya

Email:asatecsb@gmail.com